General Aviation Pilot’s Guide to Preflight Weather Planning, Weather Self-Briefings, and Weather Decision Making(2)_通航信息_通航_通用航空

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It has been developed with assistance and contributions from a number of weather experts, aviation researchers, air traffic controllers, and general aviation instructors and pilots. Special thanks are due to Dr. Dennis Beringer and Dr. William Knecht of the FAA’s Civil Aviation Medical Institute (CAMI); Dr. Michael Crognale, Department of Psychology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Nevada/Reno; Dr. Douglas Wiegmann, Institute of Aviation, University of Illinois; Dr. B.L. Beard and Colleen Geven of the NASA Ames Research Center; Dr. Paul Craig, Middle Tennessee State University; Paul Fiduccia, Small Aircraft Manufacturers Association; Max Trescott, SJFlight; Arlynn McMahon, Aero-Tech Inc.; Roger Sharp, Cessna Pilot Centers; Anthony Werner and Jim Mowery, Jeppesen-Sanderson; Howard Stoodley, Manassas Aviation Center; Dan Hoefert; Lawrence Cole, Human Factors Research and Engineering Scientific and Technical Advisor, FAA; Ron Galbraith, FAA Air Traffic Controller, Denver ARTCC; Michael Lenz, FAA General Aviation Certification and Operations Branch, Christine Soucy, FAA Office of Accident Investigation; Dr. Rich Adams, Engineering Psychologist, FAA Flight Standard Service; and Dr. William K. Krebs, Human Factors Research and Engineering Scientific and Technical Advisor, FAA.
This guide is intended to be a living document that incorporates comments, suggestions, and ideas for best practices from GA pilots and instructors like you. Please direct comments and ideas to: susan.parson@faa.gov.
Happy – and safe – flying!

Introduction

Aviation has come a long way since the Wright brothers first flew at Kitty Hawk. One thing that has unfortunately not changed as much is the role that weather plays in fatal airplane accidents. Even after a century of flight, weather is still the factor most likely to result in accidents with fatalities.
From the safe perspective of the pilot’s lounge, it is easy to second-guess an accident pilot’s decisions. Many pilots have had the experience of hearing about a weather-related accident and thinking themselves immune from a similar experience, because “I would never have tried to fly in those conditions.” Interviews with pilots who

narrowly escaped aviation weather accidents indicate that many of the unfortunate pilots thought the same thing -- that is, until they found themselves in weather conditions they did not expect and could not safely handle.
Given the broad availability of weather information, why do general aviation (GA) pilots continue to find themselves surprised and trapped by adverse weather conditions? Ironically, the very abundance of weather information might be part of the answer: with many weather providers and weather products, it can be very difficult for pilots to screen out non-essential data, focus on key facts, and then correctly evaluate the risk resulting from a given set of circumstances.

This guide describes how to use the Perceive – Process – Perform risk management framework as a guide for your preflight weather planning and in-flight weather decision-making. The basic steps are:
　
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General Aviation Pilot’s Guide to Preflight Weather Planning, Weather Self-Briefings, and Weather Decision Making(2)